John’s Model of Reflection (1994)

John’s Model of Reflection is a structured framework for analysing experiences and learning from them. It involves five main themes.  

1. Description of the experience. Describe the experience and what were the significant factors?  
2. Reflection. What was I trying to achieve and what are the consequences?  
3. Influencing factors. What things like internal/external/knowledge affected my decision making?  
4. Contextual Factors. Could I have dealt with it better? What other choices did I have and what were those consequences  
5. Learning. What will change because of this experience and how did I feel about the experience? How has this experience changed my way of knowing?